"""
Security headers middleware for DMARQ application.

Implements various security headers to protect against common web vulnerabilities:
- Content Security Policy (CSP)
- X-Frame-Options
- X-Content-Type-Options
- Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS)
- X-XSS-Protection
- Referrer-Policy
- Permissions-Policy
"""

import logging
from typing import Callable

from fastapi import Request
from starlette.middleware.base import BaseHTTPMiddleware
from starlette.responses import Response

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class SecurityHeadersMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
    """
    Middleware to add security headers to all HTTP responses.
    """

    def __init__(self, app, environment: str = "development"):
        """
        Initialize security headers middleware.

        Args:
            app: FastAPI application instance
            environment: Application environment (development/production)
        """
        super().__init__(app)
        self.environment = environment

    async def dispatch(self, request: Request, call_next: Callable) -> Response:
        """
        Process the request and add security headers to the response.

        Args:
            request: Incoming HTTP request
            call_next: Next middleware/handler in the chain

        Returns:
            HTTP response with security headers added
        """
        response = await call_next(request)

        # Content Security Policy (CSP)
        # Restricts sources of content that can be loaded
        #
        # SECURITY TODO: Current CSP includes 'unsafe-inline' which weakens
        # XSS protection. To remove it:
        #
        # For script-src 'unsafe-inline':
        # 1. Move all inline <script> tags from templates to external .js files
        # 2. OR implement CSP nonces for inline scripts (requires template changes)
        # 3. Convert any inline event handlers (onclick, etc.) to addEventListener
        #
        # For style-src 'unsafe-inline':
        # 1. Move inline styles to CSS files or use style tags with nonces
        # 2. Replace style="" attributes with CSS classes
        # 3. OR implement CSP nonces for inline styles
        #
        # Target secure CSP (no inline):
        # "script-src 'self'"
        # "style-src 'self' https://fonts.googleapis.com"
        #
        # See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CSP
        csp_directives = [
            "default-src 'self'",
            # TODO: Remove 'unsafe-inline' - requires moving inline scripts to external files  # pylint: disable=fixme
            "script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'"
            " https://cdn.tailwindcss.com https://cdn.jsdelivr.net",
            # TODO: Remove 'unsafe-inline' - requires moving inline styles to CSS or using nonces  # pylint: disable=fixme
            "style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' https://fonts.googleapis.com"
            " https://cdn.jsdelivr.net",
            "font-src 'self' https://fonts.gstatic.com",
            "img-src 'self' data: https:",
            "connect-src 'self'",
            "frame-ancestors 'none'",  # Prevent framing
            "base-uri 'self'",
            "form-action 'self'",
        ]
        response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] = "; ".join(csp_directives)

        # X-Frame-Options: Prevent clickjacking attacks
        # 'DENY' prevents the page from being displayed in a frame
        response.headers["X-Frame-Options"] = "DENY"

        # X-Content-Type-Options: Prevent MIME type sniffing
        # Forces browsers to respect the declared Content-Type
        response.headers["X-Content-Type-Options"] = "nosniff"

        # X-XSS-Protection: Enable browser XSS protection
        # Note: Modern browsers rely more on CSP, but this provides defense-in-depth
        response.headers["X-XSS-Protection"] = "1; mode=block"

        # Referrer-Policy: Control referrer information
        # 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' provides good balance of privacy and functionality
        response.headers["Referrer-Policy"] = "strict-origin-when-cross-origin"

        # Permissions-Policy: Control browser features
        # Disable features that aren't needed
        permissions_policies = [
            "accelerometer=()",
            "camera=()",
            "geolocation=()",
            "gyroscope=()",
            "magnetometer=()",
            "microphone=()",
            "payment=()",
            "usb=()",
        ]
        response.headers["Permissions-Policy"] = ", ".join(permissions_policies)

        # Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS): Force HTTPS
        # Only enable in production with HTTPS
        if self.environment == "production":
            # max-age=31536000 = 1 year
            # includeSubDomains applies to all subdomains
            # preload allows inclusion in browser HSTS preload lists
            response.headers["Strict-Transport-Security"] = (
                "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"
            )

        # Cache-Control for sensitive pages
        # Prevent caching of potentially sensitive data
        if request.url.path.startswith("/api/"):
            response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, private"
            response.headers["Pragma"] = "no-cache"
            response.headers["Expires"] = "0"

        return response